2013年全国硕士研讨生入学共同考试英语(一)真题及参阅答案(2013年全国硕士研究生英语一答案解析)

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on a five to three vote,the supreme court knocked out much of arizonas immigration law monday-a modest policy victory for the obama aministration.but on the more important matter of the constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the federal government and the states.

an arizona.united states,the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of arizona and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.arizona had attempted to fashion state police that ran to the existing federal ones.

justice anthony kennedy,joined by chief justice john roberts and the courts privileged powers

however,the justices said that arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.that’s because congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.

two of the three objecting justice-samuel alito and clarence thomas-agreed with this constitutional logic but disagreed about which arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. the only major objection came from justice antonin scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and sedition acts.

the 8-0 objection to president obama tures on what justice samuel alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”. the white house argued tha arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. in effect, the white house claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.

some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government,and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. but if congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status,it could.it could.it never did so.the administration was in essence asserting that because it didns immigration wishes,no state should be allowed to do so either.every justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.

36. three provisions of arizona’s plan were overturned because they
[a] deprived the federal police of constitutional powers.
[b] disturbed the power balance between different states.
[c] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.
[d] contradicted both the federal and state policies.

37. on which of the following did the justices agree,according to paragraph4?
[a] federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.
[b] states’ independence from federal immigration law.
[c] states’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.
[d] congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.

38. it can be inferred from paragraph 5 that the alien and sedition acts
[a] violated the constitution.
[b] undermined the states’ interests.
[c] supported the federal statute.
[d] stood in

favor of the states.

39. the white house claims that its power of enforcement
[a] outweighs that held by the states.
[b] is dependent on the states’ support.
[c] is established by federal statutes.
[d] rarely goes against state laws.

40. what can be learned from the last paragraph?
[a] immigration issues are usually decided by congress.
[b] justices intended to check the power of the administrstion.
[c] justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with congress.
[d] the administration is dominant over immigration issues.

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