2021考研词汇题分析形近词和意近词??(2021考研英语二真题及答案解析(完整版))
硕士研讨生入学考试英语词汇量的考大纲求是5500支配。 考生应能掌控5500支配的词汇以及有关附表中的内容(详见考研英语大纲附录1、2)。除掌控词汇的根柢意义外,考生还应掌控词汇之间的词义联络,如近义词、近义词、反义词等;掌控词汇之间的分配联络,如动词与介词、描述词与介词、描述词与名词等;掌控词汇生成的根柢常识,如词源、词根、词缀等。 此外,全国硕士研讨生入学英语共同考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。思考到交际的需要,考生还应自行掌控与自己作业或专业有关的词汇,以及触及自个好恶、日子习气和宗教崇奉等方面的词汇。英语翻译硕士词汇题分析:形近词和意近词
正如咱们所知,在词汇查询中,基础词汇最重要的一种查询方法是词义分析。
在词义分析的领域内,有对形近词的比照分析,如transmissible和transferable,也有对意近词的比照分析,例如contrast和compare。而在英语mti考研中,大都院校正词汇的形近词和意近词进行要点查询,下面将联系有些真题对考研中形近词和意近词的查询进行分析。
(一)形近词
形近词作为词汇查询的“宠儿”,在翻译硕士招生考试中呈现频率很高。追根究底,形近词之所以变成一有些考生心中的难点,是因为在单选题中,选项中的形近词如同四个孪生兄弟,让人晕头转向,不知从何选择。
联系考研词汇,咱们不难发现,形近词的构成来历于词根词缀,区分的要害点就在于某个词根或许词缀,如prescribe, inscribe, describe, subscribe,相同的是词根,不一样的是前缀。
以2012年对外经济生意大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷中的形近词题为例:
this clearly shows that crops and weeds have quite a number of ____ in common.
a. tracks
b. traces
c. trails
d. traits
大概地看,这四个选项在方法上非常类似,即形近词。正如上文所说,处置形近词的查询首要依遁词根词缀常识。这四个单词同享了一个一起的词根,即“-tract-,拖,拉”(还有一个词根变形-trag-),track意为“轨迹,路途”,trace 意为“痕迹,踪影”,trail意为“踪影,小路”,traits 意为“特征”。根据句意,本题中宾语从句的意义是庄稼和种子有颇多一起特征,故选择traits.
(二)意近词
意近词的查询在难度上是高于形近词的,形近词源于形似,经过对形近词纤细不一样的分析,再经联系基础,就可以答复标题,而意近词首要查询词义,因而需要对词义有更高层次的掌控,不是从方法上掌控,而是留心比照词汇之间的纤细不一样和具体倾向。
the textbook question as well as other issues is going to be discussed when the congress is in ________ again next spring.
a.assembly
b.convention
c.conference
d.session
并吞这道标题需要凭仗标题中的一个要害词——congress, 在美国它指的是国会,在我国指的是代表大会。大概地调查下,四个选项都是“会议”。那么咱们要选出一个和“代表大会”有相关的一个会议,session意为“会期,开庭期”,标明公民代表大会中的小会议;assembly偏重的是“集结,集会”;conference指的是“会议,商洽”;convention作“会议”讲一般指“政治性的会议”,因而 d为正确选项。
简言之,在翻译硕士招生考试中,词汇查询对错常重要的有些,而在词汇查询中,出题人比照偏好的就是形近词和意近词,因而,同学们在翻译硕士备考进程中,必定要现期间的词汇学习。
同音异形词回主意
这种记法也相同有用。简略地来说,同音异形就是比方flower, flour; weather, whether; way, weigh等等发音完全相同,可是写法和意思完全不一样的类型。这种办法可以让我们记住许多生词,例如:seem—seam, 其间seam就是生词,是裂缝的意思。再如isle—aisle,这一对儿必定是福利,有些基础较弱的同学或许都不知道,咱们很早就学过island,而“小岛”就是isle这个词(留心s不发音),而另一个aisle,其实是咱们乘坐飞机或许火车的时分都会看到的一个词“过道”。第三个比方是mare—-mayor, 前者是“母马”,后者是“市长”。尽管这类词在汗牛充栋的英文词汇中占的比重极端细小,可是咱们一旦可以搜集到一些,必定也会起到使背单词事半功倍的作用。
词根词缀法
这种办法在我曩昔的好几篇文章傍边都有谈到,因为关于短期内回想许多词汇而言,词根词缀法必定是无上的法宝。尽管翻译硕士词汇量需求在13000支配,可是假定咱们归纳这13000词汇所需要触及到的词根词缀,你会惊奇地发现词根也就300来个,前后缀各几十个而已。所以,假定咱们先搞定词根,接着搞定词缀,那么咱们的单词量在短期内暴升就不再是梦了。例如:
cur, curs, cour, ccurs=run跑
occur [oc-标明to ,或towards,cur跑;“跑来”→降临] 呈现,发生
excurse [ex-外,出,curs跑→行走;“跑出去”,“出行”] 远足,旅行,旅行
concourse [con-一起,一同,cours跑;“跑到一同来”] 集结,集结,合流
corridor [cor=cour跑→行走;“行走的当地”] 走廊
curriculum [cur=couse;a course of study] 课程
自从有了词根词缀法,你会发现你看单词的方法就不一样了,不再是各样无法地一个一个字母去死记硬背了,真实需要你死记硬背的只是只需那么几百个元素而已,颇有四两拨千斤的快感。
调查日子法
这个办法也是我常常在课堂上向同学们偏重的,就是你不管在何时何地,假定你眼前呈现英文就不要主动屏蔽,关于将来要当翻译的同学们来说,你永久都无法意料你下一个要翻译的材料是啥。或许就是“麦当劳”或是“百事可乐”,假定你都不能拼出mcdonald’s或许pepsi,那么你关于日子就有欠调查了,而到了考场上一看到汉译英,比方“爱心专座”这样的表达,很可以会自个去胡乱“自创”,而成果一般又是错的。可是如果你有留心过在坐地铁的时分看看一些爱心专座的座椅靠背上方,一般都会有“courtesy seat”的字样。所以不要放过身边的任何一个可以调查到的英文。假使可巧看到非常中式的“雷人英语”,不妨和情投意合的同学一同打开谈论,然后给出正确翻译。这样一步步堆集,你会发现你的身边不再会呈现生词了。
入学词汇 s01
intend
probability
reservation
graph
fertilizer
operational
everyday
weed
benchmark
wipe
feast
banquet
bench
remark
conjunction
rigid
issue
tedious
portrait
telephone
rebel
southwest
intention
tragic
disk
drip
lengthen
modernization
him
pain
liver
reservoir
rifle
inquiry
wrist
ridiculous
disagree
superficial
total
lamp
tablet
rob
blaze
man
breadth
france
series
sphere
purpose
shopping
critic
rely
anxious
research
excitation
wreck
refuse
bother
telegraph
object
groan
surplus
carefully
quite
return
error
basis
heart
muscle
extremely
melt
announcer
quart
logically
coach
dispute
extensively
beauty
foot
cash
steer
debate
beautiful
foundation
widow
throng
western
reflect
various
necessary
reproach
linen
iron
multitude
ounce
hasty
office
barely
quantify
bargain
arrow
ask
tension
endurance
volt
battery
careless
delegation
symbol
instrument
triumphant
dare
mail
south
honesty
cigarette
rider
recovery
corn
swell
gallery
package
velocity
trim
personnel
shampoo
youth
parallel
quarter
librarian
imprison
impulse
alcohol
pupil
printer
practical
agency
wreath
grocery
oxygen
pest
frontier
tour
permanently
six
volleyball
defense
locomotive
exceed
enough
repair
endanger
prisoner
flame
mental
peasant
feeble
watt
duration
deformation
attendant
evidence
captain
spray
viewpoint
experimentally
approach
protein
mark
inch
unfold
scream
amateur
dependent
feel
bus
twist
watch
stream
bureau
resolve
weaver
within
explorer
truth
write
singular
probably
complain
carbon
fragment
democratic
review
technical
sunshine
charge
victory
eager
arouse
concentration
feast/banquet ,酒宴有啥差异?
experimentally
practical
operational
感触一下词根、衍生词的联络?
找出4对儿意义附近的词,以及4个和电气有关的词。
有些 '?' 特征音的,比方/?k'spl?r?/-explorer, /'r?z?,v?r/-reservoir。
proof, evidence, testimony, confirmation, corroboration, a smoking gun.
失掉安康的人,被捆绑安适的人,佳人,法国人,未成年人,厌烦的人,死去丈夫的女人,人,反政府的人,爱挑剔的人,务农的人,随从的人,业余的人,编织工人。
入学词汇 s02
executive
nephew
prospect
cope
irregular
treatment
hungry
banker
mix
warehouse
ski
almost
measurement
component
disastrous
abroad
wednesday
technological
colonist
starve
trap
allow
caution
bosom
repetition
immediate
provide
vehicle
struggle
against
absolute
outcome
pair
sober
target
fourteen
hen
edit
cigar
action
ourselves
room
pop
goal
chemistry
considerable
short
propose
useful
make
uncertain
stamp
downstairs
qualification
nurse
saturday
welcome
mixer
hard
adjustable
grip
liquor
moderate
motion
vinegar
employer
beginner
leak
mate
lime
bronze
cling
bravery
slice
firmness
hair
commonwealth
loss
trust
chief
dying
correctly
system
strict
sparkle
subway
charity
precisely
standardize
capture
vanish
foolish
outline
care
match
connect
listen
import
dwelling
irregularity
ambiguous
obscure
anticipate
respect
nothing
diary
dial
basement
black
locality
romance
fatigue
fastener
dairy
graduate
loosely
harbour
wonder
funeral
inferior
deepen
accustom
climate
boil
ending
violet
rouse
heartily
capital
jaw
refer
daylight
fireman
horror
indeed
face
spill
butterfly
relax
sunset
heir
custom
equivalent
quartz
cast
wrinkle
expect
diagnose
horsepower
festival
moral
extreme
cultivate
female
migrate
departure
direction
suggest
ripen
appear
advocate
potential
count
sixteenth
bed
throughout
myself
advertisement
goodness
countryside
fourth
nitrogen
cheer
candidate
employ
cannon
dead
oppose
dominant
humanity
exclusively
spy
negligible
capable
admiration
effective
actually
menu
directly
do
tight
ease
dreadful
manner
confuse
simple
shape
arise
enthusiasm
judge
dwelling, dwell,
文学用词, 口语顶用live替代;
rouse, arouse, arousal; 引发,激起。arousal做鼓励时多指生理上的鼓励, a state of heightened physiological activity, excitation可指物理上的电磁鼓励.
irregularity, enthusiasm, 音节超多;
purpose, propose, prospect, respect; dairy, diary。字形类似,常常回想,避免混杂;
from fairest creatures we desire increase, that thereby beauty's rose might never die, but as the riper should by time decease, his tender heir might bear his memory: from 莎士比亚十四行诗 sonnet 1. heir代表子嗣、继承人,这儿可指作品,思维传承。
入学词汇 s03
easter
knit
underneath
beneath
peep
phrase
camera
waiter
for
overlap
ink
ant
embarrass
description
evaluation
displace
opponent
bow
inspector
taxi
theoretical
treaty
capacity
progressive
british
appreciate
decent
seaman
certainty
reward
specially
grandfather
exclude
plant
buy
shell
advanced
materialism
soluble
unpaid
headquarters
technology
voyage
conscious
trick
acute
fever
employee
eat
test
usage
per
gardener
thunder
sin
contract
cluster
be
distribution
greet
expand
plaster
pill
bundle
junior
fifteenth
classify
descend
likeness
central
construction
greek
overtime
great
happiness
safe
supply
nod
meantime
shed
tail
mystery
structure
destroy
basket
traitor
weave
score
smoke
brain
rainbow
lake
dwell
mountain
push
upside-down
dream
oceania
when
dissolve
workman
hook
laugh
tune
attractive
oppress
excite
criminal
association
moan
print
interior
building
disposal
thirty
nail
corporation
shop
extract
psychological
slack
essence
software
bell
stomach
justice
accordance
intense
liberal
upward
urban
harm
condense
accommodate
excitement
navy
lessen
appear
inclusive
well
spot
hollow
attempt
catholic
salute
pin
poor
prescription
manifest
robber
manuscript
grandmother
bound
slippery
knock
worthy
sympathy
northward
smooth
electronic
pacific
secret
usually
proud
geometry
crash
microcomputer
he
temporary
critical
sore
us
bike
rim
heading
authority
except
feeling
crust
piano
kind
arabian
harness
north
governor
free
ampere
shadow
sing
rescue
diminish
economically
plastic
duty
bear
balance
its
statue
astronomy
tall
sketch
statue、likeness、portrait 雕像、画像、肖像。归于视觉艺术,理性艺术。
bear可做‘成果实’的意思。莎士比亚sonnet1中有:“but as the riper should by time decease, his tender heir might bear his memory:”
who's to blame for my bitter tear, my weaving shadow, my hand of sins. --caracol.[summer blues] 谁又该为我双手沾满的罪恶、挥之不去的阴影还有苦涩的泪水担任?
hollow promise 不会完成的承诺、言而无信。
a fever of anticipation. 来自觉烧友的等待。
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