23考研外刊阅览《经济学人》双语精读版练习–常识产权究竟价值几许…(考研英语出自哪些外刊)

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思考题：what does “them” in the last sentence of the last paragraph refer to? what does the last sentence mean？
——大橙子留
上期翻译答案
alibabahas been adjustingits organizational structure to give more power to the heads of each business unit and make the company more agile, the journal reported.
《华尔街日报》报导称，阿里巴巴一向在调整其组织规划，给每个事务部分的担任人更多权力，来添加公司的活络性。
《本期内容》
导读
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全球估量有5000万项专利获得附和，这是人类创造力的证明。
双语阅览
now a startup called patentvector, founded by a law professor, an information science professor and a software engineer, is trying something new. it uses a variation of a method started in the 1960s which evolved intotallying uphow frequently individual patents are cited (a similar process based on citations is used to evaluate academic research).
如今，由一位法学教授、一位信息科学教授和一位软件工程师创建的一家名为“专利向量”的草创公司正在测验新的办法。这家公司运用的办法是20世纪60年代一种办法的变体，60年代的办法经过演化成为如今可以计算自个专利被引证频率的变体办法（这种办法与评价学术研讨中的引证量的进程是类似的）。
rather than attempting to understand the patent, patentvector employs artificial intelligence tocombthrough 132m patentdocumentskept by the european patent office in munich (the world’s biggest collection). then it evaluates, first, how frequently a patent is cited and, second, how frequently it is cited by patents that are themselves cited frequently. that provides an indication of importance which is then multiplied by a mean value of patents based on an estimate by james bessen, an economist at boston university, which has become a reference point.
“专利向量”并没有企图解析专利，而是使用人工智能收拾了慕尼黑欧洲专利局(世界上最大的专利保藏机构)保存的1.32亿份专利文件。首要，这家草创公司评价各项专利被引证的频率，再评价这些专利被其他引证频率高的专利引证的频率。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期发布~
almost all valuable patents can be found in a few broad industry groups: biopharma, software, computer hardware, medical devices and mechanical equipment. over the past 40 years the importance of specific categories hasmarginallyexpanded and contracted, but biopharma and information technology (it) have dominated and their significance has grown. the companies with the largest aggregate value of patents are in it, topped by ibm, samsung and microsoft.
几乎一切有价值的专利都可以在一些作业大类中找到：生物制药、软件、核算机硬件、医疗设备和机械设备。曩昔40年里，一些特定作业的重要性呈现小幅改变，但生物制药和信息技能一向占主导方位，其重要性也在添加。专利总价值最大的公司分布在信息技能作业，ibm、三星和微软居于首位。
patentvector’s figures on the patent holdings of countries are revealing, too. america has the most active patents of any country, at 3.3m, followed closely by china with 3.1m. but there is a world of difference in how frequently they are cited and theirimputedvalue. america’s library is calculated

to be worth $2.9trn, compared with china’s collection at $392bn.
“专利向量”掌控的世界各国持有的专利数据也提示了这一点。美国是一切国家中，持有有用专利数量最多的国家，具有330万件专利，紧随这今后的是我国，有310万件。可是这两个国家的专利被引证的频率及预算价值有着截然不一样。据核算，美国的专利库价值29万亿美元，而我国的专利库价值为3920亿美元。
of course, patentvector’s methodology will face scrutiny. naturally, the startup has patented its own technique. information about patents, which are critical components of invention, has never been more important. perhaps it was inevitable that innovation would be applied not only by means of patents, but to them as well.
当然，“专利向量”的办法将面临检查。这家草创公司天然也现已为自个的技能请求了专利。专利信息作为创造的要害构成有些，方位从未如此重要过。或许不可以避免的是，立异不只会以专利的办法得到使用（体现），而且也会使用于专利的办法本身。
这篇文章节选自：the economist（经济学人）
发布时刻：2021.12.02
作者：business
原文标题：a new way of understanding the high but elusive worth of intellectual property
词汇堆集
1.comb

英 /k??m/ 美 /k??m/

n. 梳子; 收拾; 发卡; 梳状物; 鸡冠; 蜂巢
v. 梳，收拾; 细心查找，细心查找; (浪)涌起
2.document

英 /,ɑ?k?’?l?d??/ 美 /,ɑrk?’ɑl?d?i/

n. 文件，文献; 证件，单据; (核算机)文件
v. 记载，记载(概况)
3.marginally

英 /?mɑ?d??n?l?/ 美 /?mɑ?d??n?l?/

adv.略微，略微地；很少地；边缘地
4.impute

英 /?m?pju?t/ 美 /?m?pju?t/

vt.归罪于，归咎于；嫁祸于

词组分配
1.tally up 总结；加一；结算
写作句总结
information about patents, which are critical components of invention, has never been more important.
规划: … has never been more important.
…从未如此重要过
例句: in the grim case of climate change, protecting the environment has never been more important.
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