上海外国语大学考研英语语言文学英汉互译词法翻译专项练习总结(上海外国语大学考研真题)

上海外国语大学考研英语语言文学英汉互译词法翻译专项练习总结一、具体译法（一）单词和句子示例1. transportation2. advertisement3. propaganda4. translation5. government6. there had been too much violence in that region.7. your dejection will do no good to your health. 8. john’s lightheartedness, however, did not last long.9. her indifference kept all the visitors away from the exhibition hall.10. the government is doing its best to ease the tension in that area.练习：1. we should by no means neglect the evaporation of water.2. all the people were exasperated by his fault-finding. 3. we were all greatly moved by his loftiness.4. his arrogance sent him into isolation and helplessness.5. the black people were fighting against the segregation of the government.6. press7. retirement8. class9. committee 10. family二、抽象译法：1. i have no head for music.2. you can always fall back upon him when you are in trouble.3. this testimony puts quite a new face on the whole matter.4. i was practically on my knees but he still refused.5. since i only got the news at second hand, i took it with a grain of salt. 6. 别人家里鸡零狗碎的事情你都知道得这么全，这是个顺风耳啊！you know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families. you are really well informed.7. 她毛遂自荐来这所小学做老师。she volunteered for the teaching post in this primary school.8. 敌军闹得全村鸡犬不宁。the enemy troops threw the whole village into disorder.9. 这些问题盘根错节，三言两语说不清楚。these problems are too complicated to be explained clearly in a few words.10. 他们都是为人民立过汗马功劳的，人民永远也不会忘记他们。all of them have performed outstanding military exploits for the people and will never be forgotten by the people.注：exploits: a brave and exciting adventure that someone has had英勇的行为：[+ of]例：the daring exploits of the british parachute regiment 英国伞兵团的英勇行为三、增词译法：1.after the football match, he’s got an important meeting.2.he dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.3.ideally, one day, researchers will know enough about the genesis of earthquakes and the nature of particular faults to predict quakes directly. 4.i had imagined it to be merely a gesture of affection, but it seems it is to smell the lamb and make sure that it is her own.5.the great scientist was born in new england.6.他喜欢指出别人的缺点，但用意是好的。he likes to point out other people’s shortcomings, but he means well.7.你越讲空洞的大道理，大家就越感到讨厌。the more you elaborate on empty theories, the more people feel disgusted with them.8.三个臭皮匠，胜过诸葛亮。the wit of three cobblers combined surpasses that of zhuge liang the master mind.9.早知道他有病，我就不会叫他来了。if i had known he was ill, i would not have asked him to come.10.这个小男孩饭前都洗手，然后用餐巾纸擦干。this little boy always washes his hands before meals and then dries them with napkins.四、省词译法1. he is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs.2. if i learn to drive a motorcycle, i will certainly buy a new one.3. the sun is bright, and the sky is clear.4. if you don’t go tomorrow, they’ll get angry.5. in september 1939, the second world war broke out.6. 总理在出席音乐会之前，还有许多工作要做。the premier had a lot of work to do before (attending) the concert.7. 她连续讲了两个小时的法语，没有出现任何错误。she had been talking in french for two hours without (making) any mistakes.8. 在工作中，我们必须避免犯不必要的语法错误。we must avoid making (unnecessary) mistakes in our work.9.

中国足球的落后状态必须改变。the (state of /condition of) backwardness of the chinese football must be changed.10. 那位小伙子有点愣头愣脑的。that young fellow is somewhat rash (in the head).五、合词译法1. in our workshop there is a hard and fast rule against smoking.2. he suffered aches and pains.3. he is a man of culture and learning.4. his father is a man who forgives and forgets.5. she was surprised and taken aback.6. (宝玉和黛玉) 真是言和意顺，似漆如胶。on all matters, indeed, they were in complete accord.7. 虽说是一枝小草，又无花朵，其妩媚之态，不禁心动神怡，魂消魄丧。…though it was so small and had no blossoms its delicate grace was utterly enchanting.8. 今日各自进去，孤孤凄凄，举目无亲，须要自己保重！today, entering for the examination, you’re going to be entirely on your own, so you’ll have to take care of yourself!9. 他决心洗心革面，脱胎换骨。he is determined to turn over a new leaf.10. 二十年，时间看起来长， 一晃就过去了。所以，我们从八十年代的第一年开始， 就必须一天也不耽误，专心致志地、聚精会神地搞四个现代化建设。although a period of 20 years sounds quite long, the time will slip by very quickly. from the very first year of the 1980s, we must devote our full attention to achieving the four modernizations and not waste a single day.练习：1. you’ll supply financial power, and we’ll supply manpower. isn’t that fair and square?2. he is dead and gone.3. she shook and trembled with fear.4. the room is comfortable and cozy.5. it’s right and proper to try it.6. i hate all this hustle and bustle.7. 自以为是，夜郎自大8. 以德报怨，恩将仇报9. 低三下四，奴颜婢膝10. 宽宏大量，既往不咎六、转性译法1. it was a very informative meeting.2. the woman, with her two daughters, arrived.3. official moscow is going to object the proposal.4. this pupil is a good writer.5. i am an amateur actor. he is a better player than i.6. 他总是喝很多酒。7. 他这个人最爱说话了。8. 他用手指在墙上写下了自己的名字。9. 他读书时不加选择。10. 他们迫切地想要弄到消息。七、换形译法1. you say he works hard; so he does.2. you think she will come if it is fine tomorrow. but i don’t think so.3. her father is a famous professor, but i can’t find any scholarly pretense in him.4. so it is with the science of biological control in its modern sense. in america it had its obscure beginnings a century ago.5. he is well over forty years old.6.你会倒立，我也会倒立。7. 昨天，我买了一本《钢铁是怎样炼成的》，这本书在中国相当受欢迎。8. 法语语法非常难学， 学生很少不犯语法错误。9. 在过去的十年里，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。10. 有三十位学生参加了考试。八、褒贬译法1. a. the stubborn boy refused to listen to his parents’ advice.b. the invaders met a stubborn resistance from the local people.2. a. she is fidgety and restless.b. all the inventors have a restless mind.3. a. as luck would have it, no one was in the building when the explosion occurred. b. as luck would have it, there was rain on the day of the picnic.4. a. the old couple made a persistent effort to search for their daughter lost in the war.b. she was vexed by the persistent ringing of the phone.5. the reckless driver died in the traffic accident.6. a. 张将军真是足智多谋啊！general zhang is really wise and resourceful.b. 那个敌参谋长可是诡计多端的呀！that enemy thief of staff has a whole bag of tricks.7. a. 那个小姑娘长得真好看。she is certainly a pretty little girl.b. 那个小偷被送到派出所去了。that petty thief has been sent to the police station.8. a. 她父亲是一位有名的外科医生。her father is a famous surgeon.b. 黄金荣是旧上海有名的大流氓。huang jinrong was a notorious rogue in shanghai in the old times.9. a. 由于党的农业政策，我国千千万万农民走上了致富的道路。thanks to the policies of the communist party of china on agriculture, millions of peasants in china are getting rich.b. 由于两次世界大战的爆发， 各国人民蒙受了极大的灾难。people of all countries have suffered great calamities in consequence of the two world wars.10. a. 诗人应该具有丰富的想象力。a poet should have rich imagination.b. 真遗憾，你的想象力太丰富了。what a pity! you’ve got into wild flights of fancy.