考研微电子选择成电仍是华工 – 知乎(微电子考研属于什么学科)

.css-dg64xe .filelinkcard{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background-color:rgba(248,248,250,0.88);border-radius:12px;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:1em auto;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;padding:12px;position:relative;width:390px;}.css-dg64xe .filelinkcard-icon{-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;height:30px;width:30px;}.css-dg64xe .filelinkcard-info{margin-left:12px;}.css-dg64xe .filelinkcard-name{color:#191b1f;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:21px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-dg64xe .filelinkcard-meta{color:#9196a1;font-size:12px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;line-height:14px;margin-top:5px;}.css-dg64xe .filelinkcard-source{white-space:pre;}.css-dg64xe img[data-uncomfortable]{content:url(data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%20344.88888888888886%20214%22%3e%3cforeignobject%20width%3d%22344.88888888888886%22%20height%3d%22194%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f1999%2fxhtml%22%20style%3d%22font-size%3a%2013px%3b%20font-family%3a%20-apple-system%2c%20blinkmacsystemfont%2c%20microsoft%20yahei%2c%20sans-serif%3b%20color%3a%20%23fff%3b%20width%3a100%25%3b%20height%3a194px%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22display%3a%20flex%3b%20flex-direction%3a%20column%3b%20align-items%3a%20center%3b%20justify-content%3a%20center%3b%20height%3a%20100%25%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20width%3d%2218%22%20height%3d%2218%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%2016%2016%22%20fill%3d%22currentcolor%22%3e%3cpath%20d%3d%22m8%203.65a7%207%200%2000-1.353.128.65.65%200%2011-.25-1.275a8.3%208.3%200%20018%202.35c2.387%200%204.172.954%205.357%202.125c14.511%205.615%2015.15%207.022%2015.15%208c0%20.621-.257%201.391-.699%202.134a7.076%207.076%200%2001-1.403%201.68l.495.46a.65.65%200%2011-.886.951l-.998-.929a.645.645%200%2001-.104-.097l9.73%2010.501a.647.647%200%2001-.29.301%203.15%203.15%200%2001-4.313-4.094.647.647%200%2001.234-.275l3.908%205.08a5.774%205.774%200%2000-1.283%201.522c2.282%207.198%202.15%207.707%202.15%208c0%20.522.41%201.616%201.407%202.6.965.954%202.43%201.75%204.443%201.75.468%200%20.905-.043%201.311-.12a.65.65%200%2001.243%201.277a8.322%208.322%200%20018%2013.65c-2.387%200-4.172-.954-5.357-2.125c1.49%2010.385.85%208.978.85%208c0-.598.238-1.333.648-2.046a7.054%207.054%200%20012.95%204.188l-.547-.509a.65.65%200%2011.886-.951l8.8%208.194a5.793%205.793%200%20001.244-1.453c.372-.624.516-1.163.516-1.469%200-.522-.41-1.616-1.407-2.6-.965-.954-2.43-1.75-4.443-1.75zm6.29%207.296a1.85%201.85%200%20002.534%202.36l-2.535-2.36zm8%204.85a.65.65%200%20100%201.3%201.85%201.85%200%20011.843%201.694.65.65%200%20101.296-.11a3.15%203.15%200%20008%204.85z%22%20fill-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%20clip-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%3e%3c%2fpath%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22margin%3a%20.6em%200%201.2em%22%3e%e8%af%a5%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e6%9c%89%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%9a%e5%bc%95%e8%b5%b7%e4%b8%8d%e9%80%82%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cbutton%20style%3d%22padding%3a%204px%201em%3b%20font-size%3a%201.1em%3b%20color%3a%20inherit%3b%20background%3a%20none%3b%20border%3a%201px%20solid%20rgba%28255%2c255%2c255%2c.5%29%3b%20border-radius%3a%209999px%3b%22%3e%e7%bb%a7%e7%bb%ad%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%3c%2fbutton%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%3c%2fforeignobject%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e);width:100%;height:194px;background:url(https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-cf70d0759d787c70091857151c1cad4a.jpeg) no-repeat rgba(191,191,191,0.7);background-size:cover;cursor:pointer!important;}.css-dg64xe img.content_image[data-size=”normal”],.css-dg64xe img.origin_image[data-size=”normal”]{width:100%;max-width:100%;}.css-dg64xe img.content_image[data-size=”small”],.css-dg64xe img.origin_image[data-size=”small”]{width:320px;max-width:100%;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:390px;min-height:84px;border-radius:8px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:16px auto;padding:12px 12px 9px 12px;background-color:#f8f8fa;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new,.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents{display:block;-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;position:relative;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents .loading{height:14px;background:#ebeced;border-radius:7px;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents.withtitle{margin-bottom:3px;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-title{display:-webkit-box;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:2px;color:#191b1f;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.two-line{line-height:20px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading{margin-bottom:8px;width:80%;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading.withtitle{margin-bottom:6px;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loadingtitle{margin-bottom:5px;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt{display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;color:#9196a1;margin-bottom:4px;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt .linkcard-author{color:#373a40;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc{display:-webkit-box;font-size:13px;height:18px;line-height:18px;color:#9196a1;word-break:break-all;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .linkcard-tag,.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:11px;margin-left:8px;padding:0 4px;border-radius:3px;background:rgba(196,199,206,0.3);}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc.loading{width:40%;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc svg{margin-right:2px;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image{-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;background-color:#ebeced;background-size:cover;background-position:center;position:relative;display:block;width:60px;height:60px;margin-left:20px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:inherit;overflow:hidden;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;background-color:#ebeced;color:#c4c7ce;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default svg{color:#9196a1;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);-ms-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:12px;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.9);pointer-events:none;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video svg{color:#373a40;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .text{color:#373a40;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .bold{font-weight:600;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .tag{margin-left:4px;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.old{position:relative;display:block;margin:1em auto;width:390px;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:12px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.old,.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard.old:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcard{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:12px;border-radius:inherit;height:80px;box-sizing:border-box;background:rgba(248,248,250,0.88);color:#c4c7ce;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardavatarwrapper{width:60px;height:60px;background:#ebeced;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;border-radius:6px;margin-right:10px;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardnetwork{width:20px;height:20px;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar{height:60px;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span{height:16px;display:inline-block;background:#ebeced;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(1){width:60px;margin-bottom:4px;}.css-1vqsdx1 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(2){width:127px;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.old{position:relative;display:block;margin:1em auto;width:390px;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:12px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.old,.css-yxro2d .linkcard.old:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcard{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:12px;border-radius:inherit;height:80px;box-sizing:border-box;background:rgba(248,248,250,0.88);color:#c4c7ce;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardavatarwrapper{width:60px;height:60px;background:#ebeced;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;border-radius:6px;margin-right:10px;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardnetwork{width:20px;height:20px;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar{height:60px;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span{height:16px;display:inline-block;background:#ebeced;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(1){width:60px;margin-bottom:4px;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(2){width:127px;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:390px;min-height:84px;border-radius:8px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:16px auto;padding:12px 12px 9px 12px;background-color:#f8f8fa;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new,.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents{display:block;-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;position:relative;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents .loading{height:14px;background:#ebeced;border-radius:7px;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents.withtitle{margin-bottom:3px;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-title{display:-webkit-box;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:2px;color:#191b1f;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.two-line{line-height:20px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading{margin-bottom:8px;width:80%;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading.withtitle{margin-bottom:6px;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loadingtitle{margin-bottom:5px;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt{display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;color:#9196a1;margin-bottom:4px;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt .linkcard-author{color:#373a40;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc{display:-webkit-box;font-size:13px;height:18px;line-height:18px;color:#9196a1;word-break:break-all;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .linkcard-tag,.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:11px;margin-left:8px;padding:0 4px;border-radius:3px;background:rgba(196,199,206,0.3);}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc.loading{width:40%;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc svg{margin-right:2px;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-image{-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;background-color:#ebeced;background-size:cover;background-position:center;position:relative;display:block;width:60px;height:60px;margin-left:20px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:inherit;overflow:hidden;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;background-color:#ebeced;color:#c4c7ce;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default svg{color:#9196a1;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-image img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);-ms-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:12px;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.9);pointer-events:none;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video svg{color:#373a40;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .text{color:#373a40;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .bold{font-weight:600;}.css-yxro2d .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .tag{margin-left:4px;}.css-yxro2d .filelinkcard{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background-color:rgba(248,248,250,0.88);border-radius:12px;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:1em auto;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;padding:12px;position:relative;width:390px;}.css-yxro2d .filelinkcard-icon{-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;height:30px;width:30px;}.css-yxro2d .filelinkcard-info{margin-left:12px;}.css-yxro2d .filelinkcard-name{color:#191b1f;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:21px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-yxro2d .filelinkcard-meta{color:#9196a1;font-size:12px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;line-height:14px;margin-top:5px;}.css-yxro2d .filelinkcard-source{white-space:pre;}.css-yxro2d img[data-uncomfortable]{content:url(data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%20344.88888888888886%20214%22%3e%3cforeignobject%20width%3d%22344.88888888888886%22%20height%3d%22194%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f1999%2fxhtml%22%20style%3d%22font-size%3a%2013px%3b%20font-family%3a%20-apple-system%2c%20blinkmacsystemfont%2c%20microsoft%20yahei%2c%20sans-serif%3b%20color%3a%20%23fff%3b%20width%3a100%25%3b%20height%3a194px%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22display%3a%20flex%3b%20flex-direction%3a%20column%3b%20align-items%3a%20center%3b%20justify-content%3a%20center%3b%20height%3a%20100%25%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20width%3d%2218%22%20height%3d%2218%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%2016%2016%22%20fill%3d%22currentcolor%22%3e%3cpath%20d%3d%22m8%203.65a7%207%200%2000-1.353.128.65.65%200%2011-.25-1.275a8.3%208.3%200%20018%202.35c2.387%200%204.172.954%205.357%202.125c14.511%205.615%2015.15%207.022%2015.15%208c0%20.621-.257%201.391-.699%202.134a7.076%207.076%200%2001-1.403%201.68l.495.46a.65.65%200%2011-.886.951l-.998-.929a.645.645%200%2001-.104-.097l9.73%2010.501a.647.647%200%2001-.29.301%203.15%203.15%200%2001-4.313-4.094.647.647%200%2001.234-.275l3.908%205.08a5.774%205.774%200%2000-1.283%201.522c2.282%207.198%202.15%207.707%202.15%208c0%20.522.41%201.616%201.407%202.6.965.954%202.43%201.75%204.443%201.75.468%200%20.905-.043%201.311-.12a.65.65%200%2001.243%201.277a8.322%208.322%200%20018%2013.65c-2.387%200-4.172-.954-5.357-2.125c1.49%2010.385.85%208.978.85%208c0-.598.238-1.333.648-2.046a7.054%207.054%200%20012.95%204.188l-.547-.509a.65.65%200%2011.886-.951l8.8%208.194a5.793%205.793%200%20001.244-1.453c.372-.624.516-1.163.516-1.469%200-.522-.41-1.616-1.407-2.6-.965-.954-2.43-1.75-4.443-1.75zm6.29%207.296a1.85%201.85%200%20002.534%202.36l-2.535-2.36zm8%204.85a.65.65%200%20100%201.3%201.85%201.85%200%20011.843%201.694.65.65%200%20101.296-.11a3.15%203.15%200%20008%204.85z%22%20fill-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%20clip-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%3e%3c%2fpath%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22margin%3a%20.6em%200%201.2em%22%3e%e8%af%a5%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e6%9c%89%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%9a%e5%bc%95%e8%b5%b7%e4%b8%8d%e9%80%82%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cbutton%20style%3d%22padding%3a%204px%201em%3b%20font-size%3a%201.1em%3b%20color%3a%20inherit%3b%20background%3a%20none%3b%20border%3a%201px%20solid%20rgba%28255%2c255%2c255%2c.5%29%3b%20border-radius%3a%209999px%3b%22%3e%e7%bb%a7%e7%bb%ad%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%3c%2fbutton%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%3c%2fforeignobject%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e);width:100%;height:194px;background:url(https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-cf70d0759d787c70091857151c1cad4a.jpeg) no-repeat rgba(191,191,191,0.7);background-size:cover;cursor:pointer!important;}.css-yxro2d img.content_image[data-size=”normal”],.css-yxro2d img.origin_image[data-size=”normal”]{width:100%;max-width:100%;}.css-yxro2d img.content_image[data-size=”small”],.css-yxro2d img.origin_image[data-size=”small”]{width:320px;max-width:100%;}.css-jflero{word-break:break-word;line-height:1.6;}.css-jflero > [data-first-child]{margin-top:0;}.css-jflero > :last-child{margin-bottom:0;}.css-jflero h1,.css-jflero h2{clear:left;margin-top:calc((1.4em * 2) / 1.2);margin-bottom:calc(1.4em / 1.2);font-size:1.2em;line-height:1.5;font-weight:600;}.css-jflero h3,.css-jflero h4,.css-jflero h5,.css-jflero h6{clear:left;margin-top:calc((1.4em * 1.5) / 1.1);margin-bottom:calc(1.4em / 1.1);font-size:1.1em;line-height:1.5;font-weight:600;}.css-jflero u{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid #373a40;}.css-jflero b{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero sup{font-size:0.8em;}.css-jflero sup[data-draft-type=’reference’]{color:#09408e;}.css-jflero a:focus{outline:none;-webkit-transition:box-shadow 0.3s;transition:box-shadow 0.3s;}html[data-focus-visible] .css-jflero a:focus{box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #ffffff,0 0 0 4px rgba(23,114,246,0.3);}.css-jflero a.ztext-link,.css-jflero a.internal,.css-jflero a.external{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;border-bottom:1px solid #81858f;}.css-jflero a.ztext-link:hover,.css-jflero a.internal:hover,.css-jflero a.external:hover{color:#09408e;border-bottom:1px solid #09408e;}.css-jflero a.ztext-link > .ellipsis::after,.css-jflero a.internal > .ellipsis::after,.css-jflero a.external > .ellipsis::after{content:’…’;}.css-jflero a.ztext-link > .invisible,.css-jflero a.internal > .invisible,.css-jflero a.external > .invisible{font:0/0 a;color:transparent;text-shadow:none;background-color:transparent;}.css-jflero a.ztext-link u,.css-jflero a.internal u,.css-jflero a.external u{border:none;}.css-jflero a.member_mention{color:#09408e;}.css-jflero a.member_mention:hover{border-bottom:1px solid #09408e;}.css-jflero a.userlink-link{color:#09408e;}.css-jflero a.userlink-link:hover{border-bottom:1px solid #09408e;}.css-jflero p{margin:1.4em 0;}.css-jflero p.ztext-empty-paragraph{margin:calc((2.8em- (1.4em * 2 + 1.6em)) / 2) 0;}.css-jflero p.ztext-empty-paragraph + .ztext-empty-paragraph{margin:1.4em 0;}.css-jflero hr{margin:4em auto;width:240px;max-width:100%;border:none;border-top:1px solid #c4c7ce;}.css-jflero img[eeimg]{max-width:100%;vertical-align:middle;}.css-jflero img[eeimg=”1″]{margin:0 3px;max-width:calc(100% – 6px);display:inline-block;}.css-jflero img[eeimg=”2″]{margin:1.4em auto;display:block;}.css-jflero blockquote{margin:1.4em 0;padding-left:1em;color:#535861;border-left:3px solid #c4c7ce;}.css-jflero ol,.css-jflero ul{margin:1.4em 0;padding:0;width:100%;}.css-jflero ol ol,.css-jflero ul ol,.css-jflero ol ul,.css-jflero ul ul{margin:0;}.css-jflero ol li::before,.css-jflero ul li::before{width:1em;}.css-jflero ol > ol,.css-jflero ul > ol,.css-jflero ol > ul,.css-jflero ul > ul{padding-left:1em;box-sizing:border-box;}.css-jflero ul>li{display:table;width:100%;list-style:none;}.css-jflero ul>li::before{display:table-cell;content:’? ‘;white-space:pre;}.css-jflero ol{counter-reset:ol;}.css-jflero ol > li{display:table;width:100%;list-style:none;}.css-jflero ol > li::before{display:table-cell;text-align:right;counter-increment:ol;content:counter(ol) ‘. ‘;white-space:pre;}.css-jflero ol ol{counter-reset:ol2;}.css-jflero ol ol li::before{counter-increment:ol2;content:counter(ol2) ‘. ‘;}.css-jflero ol ol ol{counter-reset:ol3;}.css-jflero ol ol ol li::before{counter-increment:ol3;content:counter(ol3) ‘. ‘;}.css-jflero ol ol ol ol{counter-reset:ol4;}.css-jflero ol ol ol ol li::before{counter-increment:ol4;content:counter(ol4) ‘. ‘;}.css-jflero figure{margin:1.4em 0;}.css-jflero figure .content_image,.css-jflero figure .origin_image{margin:0 auto;}.css-jflero figure figcaption{margin-top:calc(0.6em / 0.9);padding:0 1em;font-size:0.9em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;color:#9196a1;}.css-jflero figure + figure{margin-top:calc(1.4em * 1.6);}.css-jflero figure[data-size=’small’],.css-jflero figure:not([data-size]) > [data-size=’small’]{clear:both;}.css-jflero figure[data-size=’left’],.css-jflero figure:not([data-size]) > [data-size=’left’]{float:left;margin:0 20px 20px 0;max-width:33%;}.css-jflero figure[data-size=’right’],.css-jflero figure:not([data-size]) > [data-size=’right’]{float:right;margin:0 0 20px 20px;max-width:33%;}.css-jflero figure[data-size=’collapse’]{margin-bottom:0;}.css-jflero figure[data-size=’collapse’] + figure{margin-top:0;}.css-jflero .content_image,.css-jflero .origin_image{display:block;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:1.4em auto;}.css-jflero .content_image[data-size=’small’],.css-jflero .origin_image[data-size=’small’]{max-width:40%;}.css-jflero .content_image.zh-lightbox-thumb,.css-jflero .origin_image.zh-lightbox-thumb{cursor:-webkit-zoom-in;cursor:-moz-zoom-in;cursor:zoom-in;}.css-jflero code{margin:0 2px;padding:3px 4px;border-radius:3px;font-family:menlo,monaco,consolas,’andale mono’,’lucida console’,’courier new’,monospace;font-size:0.9em;background-color:#f8f8fa;}.css-jflero pre{margin:1.4em 0;padding:calc(0.8em / 0.9);font-size:0.9em;word-break:initial;word-wrap:initial;white-space:pre;overflow:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;background:#f8f8fa;border-radius:4px;}.css-jflero pre code{margin:0;padding:0;font-size:inherit;border-radius:0;background-color:inherit;}.css-jflero li pre{white-space:pre-wrap;}.css-jflero table[data-draft-type=’table’]{border-collapse:collapse;font-size:15px;margin:1.4em auto;max-width:1

00%;table-layout:fixed;text-align:left;width:100%;}.css-jflero table[data-draft-type=’table’][data-size=’small’]{min-width:260px;width:40%;}.css-jflero table[data-draft-type=’table’][data-row-style=’striped’] tr:nth-of-type(2n + 1){background:#f8f8fa;}.css-jflero table[data-draft-type=’table’] td,.css-jflero table[data-draft-type=’table’] th{border:1px solid #c4c7ce;line-height:24px;height:24px;padding:3px 12px;}.css-jflero table[data-draft-type=’table’] th{background:#ebeced;color:#191b1f;font-weight:500;}.css-jflero .video-box,.css-jflero .link-box{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;margin:1.4em 0;overflow:auto;white-space:normal;cursor:pointer;border:solid 1px #ebeced;border-radius:4px;}.css-jflero .lazy[data-lazy-status]{background-color:#f8f8fa;}.css-jflero .lazy[data-lazy-status=”ok”]{background-color:transparent;-webkit-animation:animation-1yvu044 0.5s ease-in;animation:animation-1yvu044 0.5s ease-in;}.css-jflero .highlight{margin:1em 0;}.css-jflero .highlight pre{margin:0;}.css-jflero .highlight .hll{background-color:#f8f8fa;}.css-jflero .highlight .c{font-style:italic;color:#9196a1;}.css-jflero .highlight .err{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .k{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero .highlight .o{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero .highlight .cm{font-style:italic;color:#9196a1;}.css-jflero .highlight .cp{font-weight:600;color:#9196a1;}.css-jflero .highlight .c1{font-style:italic;color:#9196a1;}.css-jflero .highlight .cs{font-style:italic;font-weight:600;color:#9196a1;}.css-jflero .highlight .gd{color:#f05159;}.css-jflero .highlight .ge{font-style:italic;}.css-jflero .highlight .gr{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .gh{color:#9196a1;}.css-jflero .highlight .gi{color:#12b370;}.css-jflero .highlight .go{color:#81858f;}.css-jflero .highlight .gp{color:#535861;}.css-jflero .highlight .gs{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero .highlight .gu{color:#9196a1;}.css-jflero .highlight .gt{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .kc{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero .highlight .kd{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero .highlight .kn{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero .highlight .kp{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero .highlight .kr{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero .highlight .kt{font-weight:600;color:#09408e;}.css-jflero .highlight .m{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .s{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .na{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .nb{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .nc{font-weight:600;color:#09408e;}.css-jflero .highlight .no{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .ni{color:#6a5ff3;}.css-jflero .highlight .ne{font-weight:600;color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .nf{font-weight:600;color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .nn{color:#535861;}.css-jflero .highlight .nt{color:#09408e;}.css-jflero .highlight .nv{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .ow{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero .highlight .w{color:#adb1b7;}.css-jflero .highlight .mf{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .mh{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .mi{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .mo{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .sb{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .sc{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .sd{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .s2{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .se{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .sh{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .si{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .sx{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .sr{color:#a5542f;}.css-jflero .highlight .s1{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .ss{color:#d95350;}.css-jflero .highlight .bp{color:#9196a1;}.css-jflero .highlight .vc{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .vg{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .vi{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight .il{color:#1772f6;}.css-jflero .highlight::-webkit-scrollbar{width:6px;height:6px;}.css-jflero .highlight::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:horizontal{background-color:rgba(25,27,31,0.5);border-radius:6px;}.css-jflero .highlight::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:horizontal:hover{background-color:rgba(25,27,31,0.6);}.css-jflero .linkcard.old{position:relative;display:block;margin:1em auto;width:390px;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:12px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;}.css-jflero .linkcard.old,.css-jflero .linkcard.old:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-jflero .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcard{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:12px;border-radius:inherit;height:80px;box-sizing:border-box;background:rgba(248,248,250,0.88);color:#c4c7ce;}.css-jflero .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardavatarwrapper{width:60px;height:60px;background:#ebeced;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;border-radius:6px;margin-right:10px;}.css-jflero .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardnetwork{width:20px;height:20px;}.css-jflero .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar{height:60px;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.css-jflero .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span{height:16px;display:inline-block;background:#ebeced;}.css-jflero .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(1){width:60px;margin-bottom:4px;}.css-jflero .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(2){width:127px;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:390px;min-height:84px;border-radius:8px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:16px auto;padding:12px 12px 9px 12px;background-color:#f8f8fa;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new,.css-jflero .linkcard.new:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents{display:block;-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;position:relative;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents .loading{height:14px;background:#ebeced;border-radius:7px;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents.withtitle{margin-bottom:3px;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-title{display:-webkit-box;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:2px;color:#191b1f;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.two-line{line-height:20px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading{margin-bottom:8px;width:80%;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading.withtitle{margin-bottom:6px;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loadingtitle{margin-bottom:5px;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt{display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;color:#9196a1;margin-bottom:4px;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt .linkcard-author{color:#373a40;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc{display:-webkit-box;font-size:13px;height:18px;line-height:18px;color:#9196a1;word-break:break-all;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .linkcard-tag,.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:11px;margin-left:8px;padding:0 4px;border-radius:3px;background:rgba(196,199,206,0.3);}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc.loading{width:40%;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc svg{margin-right:2px;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-image{-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;background-color:#ebeced;background-size:cover;background-position:center;position:relative;display:block;width:60px;height:60px;margin-left:20px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:inherit;overflow:hidden;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;background-color:#ebeced;color:#c4c7ce;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default svg{color:#9196a1;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-image img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);-ms-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:12px;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.9);pointer-events:none;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video svg{color:#373a40;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .text{color:#373a40;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .bold{font-weight:600;}.css-jflero .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .tag{margin-left:4px;}.css-jflero .filelinkcard{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background-color:rgba(248,248,250,0.88);border-radius:12px;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:1em auto;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;padding:12px;position:relative;width:390px;}.css-jflero .filelinkcard-icon{-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;height:30px;width:30px;}.css-jflero .filelinkcard-info{margin-left:12px;}.css-jflero .filelinkcard-name{color:#191b1f;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:21px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-jflero .filelinkcard-meta{color:#9196a1;font-size:12px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;line-height:14px;margin-top:5px;}.css-jflero .filelinkcard-source{white-space:pre;}.css-jflero img[data-uncomfortable]{content:url(data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%20344.88888888888886%20214%22%3e%3cforeignobject%20width%3d%22344.88888888888886%22%20height%3d%22194%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f1999%2fxhtml%22%20style%3d%22font-size%3a%2013px%3b%20font-family%3a%20-apple-system%2c%20blinkmacsystemfont%2c%20microsoft%20yahei%2c%20sans-serif%3b%20color%3a%20%23fff%3b%20width%3a100%25%3b%20height%3a194px%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22display%3a%20flex%3b%20flex-direction%3a%20column%3b%20align-items%3a%20center%3b%20justify-content%3a%20center%3b%20height%3a%20100%25%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20width%3d%2218%22%20height%3d%2218%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%2016%2016%22%20fill%3d%22currentcolor%22%3e%3cpath%20d%3d%22m8%203.65a7%207%200%2000-1.353.128.65.65%200%2011-.25-1.275a8.3%208.3%200%20018%202.35c2.387%200%204.172.954%205.357%202.125c14.511%205.615%2015.15%207.022%2015.15%208c0%20.621-.257%201.391-.699%202.134a7.076%207.076%200%2001-1.403%201.68l.495.46a.65.65%200%2011-.886.951l-.998-.929a.645.645%200%2001-.104-.097l9.73%2010.501a.647.647%200%2001-.29.301%203.15%203.15%200%2001-4.313-4.094.647.647%200%2001.234-.275l3.908%205.08a5.774%205.774%200%2000-1.283%201.522c2.282%207.198%202.15%207.707%202.15%208c0%20.522.41%201.616%201.407%202.6.965.954%202.43%201.75%204.443%201.75.468%200%20.905-.043%201.311-.12a.65.65%200%2001.243%201.277a8.322%208.322%200%20018%2013.65c-2.387%200-4.172-.954-5.357-2.125c1.49%2010.385.85%208.978.85%208c0-.598.238-1.333.648-2.046a7.054%207.054%200%20012.95%204.188l-.547-.509a.65.65%200%2011.886-.951l8.8%208.194a5.793%205.793%200%20001.244-1.453c.372-.624.516-1.163.516-1.469%200-.522-.41-1.616-1.407-2.6-.965-.954-2.43-1.75-4.443-1.75zm6.29%207.296a1.85%201.85%200%20002.534%202.36l-2.535-2.36zm8%204.85a.65.65%200%20100%201.3%201.85%201.85%200%20011.843%201.694.65.65%200%20101.296-.11a3.15%203.15%200%20008%204.85z%22%20fill-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%20clip-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%3e%3c%2fpath%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22margin%3a%20.6em%200%201.2em%22%3e%e8%af%a5%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e6%9c%89%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%9a%e5%bc%95%e8%b5%b7%e4%b8%8d%e9%80%82%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cbutton%20style%3d%22padding%3a%204px%201em%3b%20font-size%3a%201.1em%3b%20color%3a%20inherit%3b%20background%3a%20none%3b%20border%3a%201px%20solid%20rgba%28255%2c255%2c255%2c.5%29%3b%20border-radius%3a%209999px%3b%22%3e%e7%bb%a7%e7%bb%ad%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%3c%2fbutton%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%3c%2fforeignobject%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e);width:100%;height:194px;background:url(https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-cf70d0759d787c70091857151c1cad4a.jpeg) no-repeat rgba(191,191,191,0.7);background-size:cover;cursor:pointer!important;}.css-jflero img.content_image[data-size=”normal”],.css-jflero img.origin_image[data-size=”normal”]{width:100%;max-width:100%;}.css-jflero img.content_image[data-size=”small”],.css-jflero img.origin_image[data-size=”small”]{width:320px;max-width:100%;}@-webkit-keyframes animation-1yvu044{from{opacity:0;}to{opacity:1;}}@keyframes animation-1yvu044{from{opacity:0;}to{opacity:1;}}同学你好，我是电子科大老王学长！老王的答复全部比照了成电和华南理工微电子集成电路，同学看完就会对择校有个清楚的思路，究竟断定方针学校。
同学将华南理工列为备选，首要是因为地舆方位好。可是，也正因为如此，这个区域的高校考研报考竞赛广泛都很剧烈。
电子科技大学作为985、九所之一的实力同学也晓得，其实北上广的公司也会来校招，结业后想去全国任何当地作业都是有优势的。另外，成都本地的对口岗位也许多，薪资待遇也足以让同学在成都落户乐业。
近年考研难度居高不下，所以关于择校，难度仍是需要思考的。成电和华南理工微电子比较，全体上考研难度相差不是特悬殊，但成电的集电专业分不一样方向，有的方向当前还好考得多。
至于转自愿从头学专业课的疑问，那是读研今后的事了，老王主张当前以“考上研”为优先思考的疑问。同学能在成电和华南理工之中选择，才能必定很强，从头学习专业课不是啥太难的事。
废话不多说，上干货！

1. 归纳实力比照经过比照学校排名、专业实力、地舆方位三个要素，可以看出二者集电专业的考研难度归于同一个水平，间隔并不大。
1.1 学校实力华南理工大学和电子科技大学都是985、双一流，华南理工是?拇蠊ぱг骸敝唬缱涌拼笫恰傲降缫挥省敝弧Ｔ?023年软科我国大学排名中，华南理工排名是26名，电子科大排名是28名，二者归纳实力相差不大。

1.2 专业实力在第四轮学科评价中，电子科大的电子科学与技能评价成果是a+，华南理工是b。
在2022年软科我国最佳学科排名中，电子科技大学的电子科学与技能是第一名，华南理工大学此专业的排名是第十四名。
1.3 地舆方位地舆方位方面，华南理工在广东省广州市，电子科技大学在四川省成都市，二者都是省会城市。
广州市在经济、科教文等方面的兴隆程度自不必说，其实成都作为新一线城市打开也很迅猛，且很有潜力，而且成都这边也有许多比照对口的公司，包括华为、中兴、芯原（成都）微电子等公司，还有10所、29所、30所、9院成都分部等研讨所，作业打开不错。
2. 报考情况比照假定比照二者早年报录数据， 暂时不思考考试出题难度，华南理工集电对初试分数的需求（稳妥上岸所要抵达的初试分数，分外数线，因为过线也不必定保证就能上岸）和电子科大集电全体上相差不是很大，可是，华南理工统招名额太少，给同学们的上岸机缘也更少。
另外，值得留心的是，电子科技大学集电两个专业的02纳电子方向当前来看上岸难度很低，性价比特别高。
2.1 电子科技大学电子科技大学集成电路早年首要招生学院是电子科学与工程学院，24届初步大约会由新树立的集成电路学院来招生。有两个专业招生:集成电路科学与工程（穿插学科，学硕），还有集成电路工程（专硕）。
首要来看集成电路科学与工程20-23届的选择数据，这是23届新开设的专业，分为两个方向招生:01方向微电子器件与集成电路；02 方向纳电子科学与集成电路制造工程。
1）此专业01方向统招名额为32人，是02方向统招名额15人的两倍多，从选择情况来看，该专业坚持着成电一贯的传统，方案统招与实践统招人数坚持共同；另外，23届02方向一自愿是没有招满的，接收了一些调剂生；
依照成电历年的招生趋势改变，24届招录人数大约率会与23届相等，不会有显着的扩招或缩招改变；
2）23届两个方向的分数线别离是315分和305分，分数线并不高，这也阐明该专业在第一年招生，选择需求并不高；那么关于24届考研来说，分数线可以会因为越来越多考生晓得到成电此专业的性价比，报考人数增多，加大报考竞赛，然后有必定涨幅，但大约率不会有太大误差，根柢会坚持在5-10分支配；
因而关于24考生而言，该专业仍然是报考竞赛不大，分数线不高，比照有高性价比的一个专业，假定考生想要报考该专业，仍是主张捉住专业草创期的机缘一战上岸。
3）从23届复录分数段分布情况能看到，两个方向中01方向招生更多，竞赛也显着更大，尽管复试究竟选择率现已抵达了74%，但中低分数段考生被刷的风险仍是比照大的，根柢上340+分数段才干抵达百分百的高选择率，所以关于24的考生，老王主张初试分数方针至少要考340分，才有较大选择概率；
02方向相对而言竞赛较少，参加复试的考生悉数被选择，但不打扫24届一自愿报考人数增多，竞赛天然会增多，从竞赛优势层面，仍然主张考生初试成果尽可以抵达320+才更稳妥。

然后是集成电路工程20—23届的报录数据。集成电路工程在23届之前是电子信息的一个研讨方向，23届拆分出来作为二级学科单独招生。也是分为两个方向招生:01方向微电子器件与集成电路、02 方向纳电子科学与集成电路制造工程。
1）专硕显着招录人数远多于学硕，01方向统招人数也多于02方向，接近100人； 02方向则方案统招20多人，且同学硕情况共同，23届02方向一自愿并未招满，需要接收调剂；
2）前面概要相同阐明过该专业首要是之前电子信息技能专业的05集成电路工程方向单独区别出来，所以23届前作为研讨方向招生的分数线相同具有必定参阅价值；
21、22届电科工程05方向分数线别离为320、325分，全体改变高低不大，但23届进行单独招生后，报考人数显着会增多，比旅程度天然影响到分数线上涨，特别是招录人数较多的01方向，其复试分数线直接划线至345分，显着高于02方向的285分，从数据中无法完全区别两个方向复试人数，但从复试分数线的间隔就能看出，01方向的报考竞赛人数是显着更多，竞赛也更为剧烈，特别是上述分析完集电学硕后，就能发现大有些考生喜爱报考专硕，所以老王提示24、25的考生要特别留心专硕的竞赛近两年都不会有很大程度削弱，假定选择报考专硕，必定要做好考高分的预备；
关于24届的01方向考生，初试成果尽可以主张考至360分以上更为稳妥；
考02方向的同学也不能抱有走运心思，即便23届竞赛少，擦线即过，也不能完全保证24就就能完全保证这种情况，所以相同是主张考生初试成果尽可以抵达300+以上，而且要根据自个的温习状况，逐步前进自个的初试分数方针，才干愈加稳妥。

除了成电本部的集成电路学院，还有深圳高级研讨院也会接收少量的集电研讨生，关于初试分数的需求也不高，具体信息可以点开老王这篇文章查看:

2.2 华南理工大学华南理工大学的微电子集电招生学院是微电子学院，有两个专业招生:电子科学与技能（学硕）、电子信息（专硕）。电子科学与技能的研讨方向是微电子学与固体电子学，电子信息的研讨方向是集成电路工程。
首要来看电子科学与技能22—23届报录数据，在22届之前，学院没有电子科学与技能，学硕招生专业是微电子学与固体电子学。
1）华南理工电科近两年统招人数是23、16人，也就是20人支配，名额不多；估计24、25届可以仍是坚持这个统招数量；
2）复试分数线22和23届别离是334分和310分，存在不坚决；也可以看出22届统招人数更多，可是分数线更高，23届统招人数少，可是分数线更低；所以估计今后几届还会坚持招人少的年份分数线低，招人多的年份分数线高的规则；
3）复试选择率近两年比照高，复试竞赛一般，从23届选择成果分布来看，并非是初试分数越高，复试选择率越高，所以考生需要尽可以考高分，23届考340分以上，才干100%上岸；关于24届来说，也是暂时先以340分段作为初试最低方针，然后根据学习情况不断前进这个方针至350分以上，也就是说和电子科大的集电专硕01方向差不多。

这是电子信息21-23届选择数据:
1）华南理工电子信息近年实践选择人数在逐年削减，从21届47，削减到23届18人；从近两年来看，估量24、25届大约是持续坚持20人支配的统招招生名额；
2）复试分数线近年也在逐步降低，从21届371分降到23届的310分；联系前面说到的扩招趋势，估计华南理工电子信息将来会走招生人数很少+分数线低的个性；可是，尽管分数线前几年连年降低，可是集电究竟是抢手学科，24届不太可以持续坚持降低，而是略有上涨，有可以涨到320分支配；
3）复试选择率近年改变比照大，单个年份的复试竞赛比照剧烈，复试选择率不到70%；从23届选择分数分布来看，初试考320分以上，会100%选择，可是24届复试竞赛可以会有所激化，因为23届分数线低、几乎过线就选择，24届可以会有许多考生出于抄底的意图扎堆报考，不只会致使分数线上涨，复试也可以会更卷，所以24届考生假定想上岸，初试就需要考330分以上，才干更有竞赛力，这个分数水平缓电子科大集电学硕比照接近。
3. 考试难度论考试难度，电子科大因为专业实力强，出题会比华南理工稍难，但华南理工也是个顶级985工科院校，考试也不会很简略，而且初试专业课需肄业两本参阅书，温习压力其实也不小。
3.1 初试电子科技大学集成电路学院两个集电专业的初试考试类别相同:
① 政治
② 英语一
③ 数学一
④ 01方向:832 微电子器件
02 方向:866 固体电子学基础
电子科大832微电子器件有一本官方指定参阅书:
《微电子器件》第四版，陈星弼等，电子工业出书社（2021）
电子科大866固体电子学基础有两本官方指定参阅书:
① 半导体物理，刘恩科，国防工业出书社
② 固体物理基础，曹全喜，西安电子科技大学出书社
电子科技大学这两个专业课难度一般，根柢是依照考纲来出题（成电研招网上可以找到考试大纲），关于大大都同学来说，用心多读几遍教材，把常识点了解透彻，再多刷几遍真题，就有可以在初试专业课中考高分。关于基础一般的同学，有直系学长学姐的辅导，温习会更快，作用会比自学非常好一些。

华南理工大学的电子科学与技能、电子信息初试考试类别相同:
① 101 思维政打点论
② 201 英语（一）
③ 301 数学（一）
④ 838 电子技能基础(含数字与仿照电路)
华南理工838有两本参阅书:
①《仿照电子技能基础》（第五版），童诗白、华成英主编，高级教育出书社，2015年
②《数字电子技能基础》（第六版），阎石主编，高级教育出书社，2016年
所以从温习作业量来看，华南理工838和成电866差不多，而成电832的温习压力较小。

3.2 复试两校的复试考试内容都包括专业课书面考试、外语查验、归纳查核。
华南理工电科、电子信息的复试专业课书面考试考半导体物理，电子科大集电复试专业课考微波技能基础、电路分析与电子线路。
另外，两校各有些分值不一样。华南理工书面考试100分、外语查验100分，归纳查核100分；电子科技大学书面考试200分，外语查验100分，归纳查核200分。
复试成果核算方面，华南理工复试成果=专业课查核成果×50%+归纳本质与专业常识查核成果×40%+外 语传闻才能查验成果 ×10%； 电子科技大学的复试成果为各项查核成果之和。
至于总成果核算，华南理工=初试成果×55%+复试成果×45%×5；电子科大总成果=初试成果÷5×50%+复试成果÷5×50%。所以电子科大初复试五五分，而华南理工初复试也差不多平等于五五分。

综上:
1、华南理工和电子科大集成电路比较，后者的专业实力更强、作业认可度更高，关于这个专业课研讨生的打开而言，可以供给非常好的平台；尽管成都不是一线城市，可是作为新一线城市，近年打开气势微弱，当地的集电作业打开在全国规模内仍是比照亮眼的，关于人才的需要也是很大的，而且成都比较广州更宜居；
2、比照二者的考研难度，就会发现相差其实也不是很大，特别是成电集电的纳电子方向，上岸难度还不大，很有性价比；
3、假定同学抉择考电子科技大学集成电路，不管考哪个方向，初复试都要细心预备，究竟集电当前是个抢手学科，而且电子科大的集电专业在今后也会越来越抢手，考研竞赛压力加大；所以，假定想获取更大竞赛力，除了自个的尽力之外，还要长于凭仗外力，比方直系研讨生学长学姐的辅导，学院内部材料等等，可以协助同学避免走弯路。
同学们假定还有其他疑问，等待在谈论区留言，或请教群里的学长学姐:

查找【电科考研干货君】，各学院各专业数据分析、公共课&专业课材料、温习干货、各专业直系学长学姐都有~