2021年考研英语阅览真题(一)text3——出题思路(2021年考研英语笔译调剂信息汇总)
2021年考研英语阅览真题(一)text3——出题思路
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当你初步做一个阅览题时,你做的第一件是数一数文章一共有几段,期间太多时,符号一下,你试试在十五分钟支配的时刻内结束5道题,假定没有关于性地去阅览,怕时刻不可用,得分不睬想。还好,一般在题干中已闪现文章的中心和规划,一切的答案都是环绕中心而设定,因而咱们环绕中心做题,定能抵达事办功倍的作用。
常言说:会说的不如会听的,出题教师的言外之意是啥?题干包括文章的首要信息,重复呈现的是要点。斗胆猜测,细心求证。
一、数一数全文一共由几个期间构成,标上序号。
二、最终一题,看看是不中心主旨题:
35.which of the following is the best title for the text?
[a]?high gdp?but inadequate well-being, a uk lesson
[b] gdp figures, a window on global economic health
[c] robert f. kennedy, a terminator of gdp
[d] brexit, the uk’s gateway to well-being
文章的最佳标题是啥?
domestic [d??mest?k]adj.国内的;
a英国的经历:gdp高而夸姣感缺乏
b.gdp数据晓得全球经济安康的窗口
c.罗伯特·f·肯尼迪:gdp结束者
d.脱欧:英国通往夸姣的路
gdp呈现3次,它可所以中心论题。c的中心是.罗伯特·f·肯尼迪而不是gdp ,d.的中心是脱欧:英国通往夸姣的路没谈到gdp;a.说gdp不必定好;b.gdp就是好;一正一反,难下结论。究竟gdp是好仍是坏,咱们看看第一段:罗伯特·肯尼迪早年说过,“除了使日子有价值的东西,国家的国内出产总值能衡量悉数。”“明褒实贬”情绪。
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这种题的解法用三加一的方法:
1、文章的中心一般在一段,有百分之80可以,假定第一段与第二段说的是一回事,中心在第一段的段尾与第二段的段首句。
2、用串针引线的办法,第一段+各段的中心句(首句)+最终一段的主旨句。
3、最终一段,看看是不是变换论题了。
加一:看看在题干中是不是现已泄露隐秘。读?牡捞庵兄馗吹拇驶蛐砭褪侵行闹髦嫉氖滓谌荨S商飧煽梢钥闯稣馄恼率钦乙晌实脑涤傻摹?br>
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三、听懂人话(看看题干,审题,看教师问了你啥?文章的中心是啥,规划是啥?)
31.robert f. kennedy is cited?because?he(例子)
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文中引证?robert f. kennedy是因为他:
【解析题干】是例子题,引证 robert f. kennedy是为了抛砖引玉,借robert f. kennedy之口来表达作者的观念。作者引证robert f. kennedy之意在正/反向立意。is cited?是例子题的标志,由because可知,本题一起也包括了因果联络。
【经历共享】作者引证robert f.?kennedy, kennedy不大约呈如今文章的标题中。又一次印证35题中c.罗伯特·f·肯尼迪:gdp结束者不是可选项。
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32.it can be inferred from?paragraph 2 that(揣度题)
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由第二段可推知:
【解析题干】由第二段可推知:作者的观念。与一段相同,一段引入中心,可以有点宛转,二段进一步阐释。be inferred from是推理题,答案不必定直接能找到,它的答案就是本段的主旨。
【经历共享】本题型的答案可以在:第一句,最终一句,下一段的第一句。在段中落间可以在:有but的转机句,if引导的条件句,特别是虚拟条件句, when等引导的让步,why等引导的缘由状语从句,it is …that(who)偏重句,富含指代(this,that ,the+名词),富含only的语句。
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33.which of the following is true about the recent annual study?(本是细节题)
关于迩来的年度研讨,下列哪种说法正确?
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【解析题干】用实际说话,与中心共同的是正确的。在3、4、5段。本是细节题,在定位点处找答案。
annual?revenue岁入,全年收入额; annual fees 年费
annual?[??nju?l] 每年的n,年报(ann=year,标明)
anniversary [??n??v??s?ri]周年岁念(anni=ann年,一年+vers转+ary表名词)
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34. in the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that
在最终两段中,作者认为:与年度陈述是不是共同?
答案是最终两段的交集。6段第一句,最终一句,7段第一句是要点。
【经历共享】suggest,主语是人,标明“主张”,后边宾语从句常是虚拟句,是主语+动词原型,should常省掉;主语不是人,标明“标明”。
文章的方法有:1、提出→分析→处置;2、提出→分析→评价;3、提出→分析→喊标语。
这篇文章的行文:提出疑问,31题,在第一段→分析疑问32、33题→评价疑问34题,在第6、7段。
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三、顺藤摸瓜,根据中心:顺藤是顺着题干这根藤,摸到答案。也就是说:根据题干的具体情况和提示信息,使用不一样的解题办法回到原文逐个寻找每一道题的精确答案信息来历或根据。答案有必要有根据。
31. robert f. kennedy is cited because he
[a] praised the uk for its gdp.
[b]?identified gdp with?happiness.
[c]?misinterpreted the role of gdp.
[d] had a low opinion of gdp.
?identify …with认为…平等于
(to consider sth to be the same as sth else 认为某事物平等于)
?misinterpret?[?m?s?n?t?:pr?t](could be understood wrongly)
文中提及罗伯特·f·肯尼迪,是因为他
a.赞扬了英国的gdp
b.将gdp平等于夸姣感
c.误解了gdp的作用
d.对gdp的评价不高
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【精准定位】由题干中人名要害词 robert f . kennedy定位到第一段。该段首句指出 kennedy
观念:“everything except that which?makes life worthwhile.” gdp可衡量悉数,除了那些令人生真实有价值的东西(即gdp存在无量缺陷)。这句中有两个引导词:that、?which。which后引导的是个语句,which makes life worthwhile.that是指代词,替代that a country’s gdp 。②句以英国看似不可以了解的做法“明知gdp会减缓却还顽固脱欧”暗证kennedy观念正确性,并进而引出论题“是时分判定 kennedy的gdp论了”。可知,作者引证意在正向立意:gdp有极大捆绑性,[d]正确。
【出题解密】正确项[d]中had?a low opinion是对 everything?except that which makes life
worthwhile“明褒实贬”情绪的清楚。
【经历共享】二段一句①the question of gdp and its usefulness has annoyed?policymakers for over half a century. many argue that it is a flawed concept.由annoyed,flawed 可知对gdp的评价不高,[d]正确。
a与d是正反选项。由四选 一成了二选一。难度降了一半。
【1段】①robert?f. kennedy once said that a country’s gdp measures?“everything except?that which makes life worthwhile.”?②with britain voting to leave the european union, and gdp already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a?timely(描述词)?moment to assess?what he was referring to.
引证是为了引入论题上:可下可反。正的是立意,反的是驳斥。答案有gdp,有robert的负面的情绪。为了更准断定位,看一看第二段第一句。
predict?[pr??d?kt] v.预言; 猜测(pre=before;dict=to say)
assess?[??ses] v.评价; 评价(as=to;sess=to sit)
【参阅译文】罗伯特·肯尼迪早年说过,“除了使日子有价值的东西,国家的国内出产总值能衡量悉数。”鉴于英国公投抉择脱离欧盟以及其构成的预见性成果——国内出产总值降低,如今正是评价他早年所说的话的最佳机缘.
【语句说明】①robert f. kennedy?once said that a country’s gdp?measures?“everything?except that which makes life worthwhile.”
that引导宾语从句:a country’s gdp是从句中主语。measures是谓语,everything是宾语。这儿的引号标明这几个字是来自robert f. kennedy之口,阅览是可无视。
except that which makes life worthwhile.”是介词短语后置,润饰everything,介词短语中的that
替代life worthwhile 。a country’s gdp国家的国内出产总值,有许多人译的不到位,把它译为:一个国家的国内出产总值,是对冠词不了解。
【语句说明】?②with britain voting to leave the european union, and gdp already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.
主句由“主语(it)+系动词(is)+表语( a timely moment)”构成;副词now作时刻状语;动词不定式短语 to assess…作后置定语,润饰moment。what引导的宾语从句作 to assess的宾语,宾语从句由“主语(he)+谓语( was referring?to)+宾语what)”构成。连词and联接两个并排的with独立主格规划with britain voting to leave the?european?union和(with)gdp?already predicted to slow as a?result,作缘由状语。
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32. it can be inferred from paragraph 2 that
[a] the uk is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.
[b]the uk will contribute less to the world economy.
[c] gdp as the measure of success?is widely?defied in the uk
[d] policymakers in the uk are paying less attention to gdp.
由第二段可推知
a.英国不愿重塑其经济方法
b.英国对全球经济的奉献将会削减
c.作为衡量成功标准的gdp在英国得不到到了广泛的信赖
d.英国抉择计划者对gdp的重视正在削减
【迷糊定位】由第二段可推知:作者的观念。与一段相同,一段引入中心,可以有点宛转,二段进一步阐释。be inferred from是推理题,答案不必定直接能找到,它的答案就是本段的主旨。段主旨遵守于中心。
[c] gdp as the measure of success is widely defied in the uk与一段共同。
【难点】defy [d??fa?]难以(描绘或了解)de是前缀,标明“向下,否定,加强”;fid=trust/faith
confident [?k?nf?d?nt][of,in]深信的,自傲的。由人把它当define(de 向下;fine=limit鸿沟),他没用refute驳斥,批驳; 否定真实性,dispute质疑.标明英国人也想平躺。
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【精准定位】第二段④⑤句展示敌对景象“gdp数据闪现英国其时局势喜人;大都英国人却投票选择脱欧、且无视这会对其经济前景的影响”,这一景象实则暗示:gdp作为衡量一国全体打开作用的标准如今在英国广受质疑,[c]正确。
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【出题解密】[c]正确。解读第二段④⑤句言外之意: gdp as the?measure of success对应④句the uk is?widely defied in the uk对应⑤句以反问和转机标明的质疑情绪(over17 million people对应widely)
【经历共享】一般一段最终是用句号,本段是问号,答案在问句中。
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【2段】①the question(质疑)?of gdp and its usefulness has annoyed(使烦恼)?policymakers for over half a century. many argue that it is a flawed concept.?②it measures things that do not matter and misses?things that do. ③by most recent measures, the uk’s gdp has been the envy?of the western world,?with record low(创记载的)?unemployment and high growth figures. ④if everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for brexit, despite the warnings about what it(it=brexit)?could do to their country’s economic prospects? (反问,对gdp质疑)
本段较长,看看有没有因果联络,条件联络,比照联络,以及the more important;as result;指代等标志性的东西。
question疑问
annoy?[??n??] v.使生气; 惹恼
envy?[?envi]n.仰慕(的目标) (en使动;vy=view=to see)
prospect [?pr?spekt]n.前景; 期望(pro=before;spect=look)
【参阅译文】半个多世纪以来,国内出产总值以及其有用性质疑一向使抉择计划者头疼不已。许多人坚称它是一个有缺陷的概念。它衡量了那些无关重要的作业,却遗失了真实重要的东西。根据最新评价,英国的国内出产总值一向让西方世界仰慕不已,它有着创纪录的低赋闲率及高速增加的数据。假定悉数都发展得如此喜人,那么为啥1700多万人会无视脱欧可以给本国经济打开带来的影响,而投票撑持脱欧呢?
②it measures things that do not matter and misses things that do.
【语句说明】本句是复合句。主句的主语是it,and联接并排的谓语measures和 misses
两个things别离作 measures和 misses的宾语。两个that引导的定语从句别离润饰两个 things;第一个定语从句中,that替代先行词 things作主语,谓语是 do not matter;第二个定语从句中,that亦替代先行词 things作主语,其谓语是do( matter)。
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33. which of the following is true about the recent annual study?(判别题)
[a] it?excludes gdp as an?indicator.
[b] it is sponsored by 163 countries.
[c] its criteria are questionable.
[d] its results are enlightening.(使人领会,有启示作用的)
exclude?[?k?sklu?d] v.不包括; 把…架空在外
include包括(in=into;clud=close)
indicator [??nd?ke?t?(r)] 指示器;(indicate指示+or人或物器)
be sponsored?by赞助; 由……建议
enlighten?[?n?la?tn] v.启示,教化(en使……进入状况或加强等意思+light光+en变成→给人光亮→启示)
关于迩来的年度研讨,下列哪项说法正确?
a.它将gdp方针打扫在外。
b.它由163个国家建议。
c.它的标准存在疑问。
d.它的成果具有启示性。
33题用实际说话,老迈说的就是好,在3、4、5段。。31对gdp的评价不高,32作为衡量成功标准的gdp在英国遭到了广泛的鄙视。
【精准定位】第三段首句关于上段末反问“英国假定真像gdp反映的那么喜人,公民为何还撑持脱欧?”作出答复:迩来一项年度查询供给了一些说明;随后介绍查询成果:在“经济增加→民生福祉”的转化方面,英国体现最差。第四段进而比照“富国vs穷国”情况:前者在安康、教育等方面持续下滑,后者却在民主、公对等方面前进显着。第五段作出谈论:富国应罗致经历——以gdp以外的标准进行衡量情况会大纷歧样。可见作者经过查询成果启示富
国:“唯gdp论”掩盖国家全体打开实情(“富”未必“福”),由此答复了英国公民顽固脱欧的疑问,因而[d]正确。
【出题解密】正确项[d]enlightening是第三段首句sheds?some lights on的同义替换,一起与第五段 a lesson that rich?countries can learn相符。
【经历共享】第一句:that question,是指代 ,是答案的标志符。答复的是第二段结束问号提出的疑问,是答案地址。[a] it excludes gdp as an indicator.易错,没有看到rather than just focusing on gdp中的just,只是这个单词。
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【3段】①a recent annual study?of countries and their ability to convert?growth into well-being sheds some light on?that question. ②across the 163 countries measured, the uk is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. ③rather than(不是…而是 )?just focusing on gdp, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded (全部地)assessment of how countries are performing.
第一句:that question,是指代 。答复的是第二段结束问号提出的疑问。是答案地址。
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shed light on为…供给条理; 对…泄露情况,阐明,有助于
convert?(sth) (from sth) (into/to sth)(使)改动,变换,转化
convert?[k?n?v??t]v.(使)改动; 改造; (con=together;vert=turn)
convert …into改动
turn …into改动
change…into改动
translate …into改动
【参阅译文】迩来关于各国及其将经济增加改动为夸姣感的才能的年度研讨阐明晰该疑问。在被评价的163个国家中,英国是在保证将经济增加改动为有意义的民生改进方面体现最差的国家之一。该研讨并非只重视国内出产总值,而且还衡量了40多套不一样的触及安康、教育及公民社会参加性的标准意在对各国体现做出更全部的评价。
②across the 163 countries measured, the uk is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens.
【语句说明】本句是复合句。主句由“主语( the uk)+系动词(is)+表语( one of the poorest
performers)”构成;介词短语in?ensuring…作状语。that引导的宾语从句作 ensuring的宾语;从句的主语是 economic growth,谓语 is translated运用了被逼语态,介词短语 into meaningful
improvements作主语补足语;介词短语 for its citizens作后置定语,润饰 improvements。介词
短语 across the163 countries?measured作状语。
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【4段】①while all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. ②yes, (=yet表转机)there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators(方针)?in areas such as health and education, major economies(用复数,表经济体)?have continued to decline. ③yet this isn’t the case with all countries. ④some relatively poor european countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and the environment.
while在句首标明让步,在后边呈现,标明转机。
consistent ?[k?n?s?st?nt](con=together;sist=stand;ent后缀)
【参阅译文】尽管一切的这些国家都面临着各自的应战但还存有许多基调共同的疑问。的确,2008年全球危机之后经济复苏的萌发就已闪现,可是从安康、教育等领域的要害方针来看,首要经济体一向在持续下滑。但并非一切国家都是如此。一些相对贫穷的欧洲国家经过施行比方公民社会、收入公正缓环境等方面的办法,现已获得了无量的前进。
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【5段】①this is a lesson that rich countries can learn: when gdp is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different.
【参阅译文】这条经历殷实国家应引认为戒:国内出产总值不再被视为衡量国家成功与否的仅有标准时,世界会看起来大纷歧样。
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34. in the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that
[a] the uk is preparing for an economic boom.
[b?high gdp foreshadows an economic decline.
[c] it is essential to consider factors beyond gdp
[e]?it requires caution (稳重; 留心)to handle economic issues.
在最终两段中,作者认为
a.英国正在为经济腾飞做预备
b.高gdp是经济衰退的预兆
c.思考gdp之外的要素至关重要
d.处置经济疑问需稳重
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【精准定位】第六段指出gdp缺乏以衡量国家的全体打开情况,因为它无法衡量“环境质量、教育作用”等能前进民众夸姣感的重要要素。第七段则给出应对主张:方针拟定者不该一味忧心gdp,而应采纳实践行为、尽力前进社会福利。可见,思考gdp以外的要素极为重要,[c]正确。
【出题解密】正确项[c]是对第六段 it is no longer?enough/it does not include?important factors…和第七段refocus efforts on improving?well-being rather than simply?worrying about gdp.的归纳改写。
【经历共享】主旨题;答案是最终两段的交集。6段第一句,最终一句,7段第一句是要点。
【6段】①so(=therefore,初步总结),?what kennedy was referring to was that while (while标明让步,要点在后边)gdp has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. ②it does not include important?factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes—all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.
?
【参阅译文】所以,肯尼迪所要指的是,尽管国内出产总值现已变成衡量国家经济活动最常用的办法,但作为一项衡量标准,它已缺乏以担此重担。它没有将比方环境质量和教育作用等重要要素包括在内,而一切这些要素有助于自个夸姣感的构成。
【语句说明】本句是复合句。主句由“主语(t)+谓语(does?not include)+宾语( important
factors)”构成;介词短语such?as environmental quality or?education outcomes举例阐明
factors。破折号后边的 all things作 important factors的同位语;that引导的定语从句,润饰
all things;从句中,that替代先行词 all things作主语,谓语是contribute to,宾语是 a persons
sense of well-being。
while gdp has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough。
while标明让步。
?
?
【7段】①the sharp hit?to growth predicted around the world and in the uk?could lead to?a decline?in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. ②but policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about gdp figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.
【参阅译文】据猜测,世界规模内和英国的经济增加都将遭受重创,这可以会致使咱们赖以前进夸姣感和经济增加的往常效能质量的降低。可是那些从头尽力前进夸姣感而非只忧虑国内出产总值数据的抉择计划者可以避免可预见的厄运,甚至可以获得前进。
【语句说明】①句是复合句。主句由“主语( the sharp hit+谓语( could lead to)+宾语(a
decline)”构成;介词短语to?growth和曩昔分词短语 predicted?around the world and in the uk
作后置定语,均润饰hit;介词短语 in the everyday services作后置定语,润饰 decline。省掉关
系词(that)的定语从句,润饰the?everyday services;从句的主语是we,谓语是 depend on,先行
词 the everyday services.作宾语and联接并排的介词短语 on for our?well- being和 for growth均作状语,表目标。
【语句说明】②句是复合句。主句的主语是 policymakers,and联接并排的谓宾:谓语一是could
avoid,其宾语是 the forecasted?doom;谓语二是may…see,其宾语是 progress;副词even作状语,润饰may…see。who引导的定语从句,润饰 policymakers;从句中,who替代先行词policymakers作主语, refocus作谓语, efforts是宾语,介词短语on作状语; rather than联接并排的动名词短语 improving well-being和worrying about gdp figures作介词on的宾语,必定前者,否定后者;副词 simply润饰 worrying…。句首的连词but承受上文,表转机。
?
35.which of the following is the best title for the text?
[a].high gdp but inadequate well-being(充分的夸姣), a uk lesson
[b] gdp figures, a window on global economic health(与中心相反)
[c] robert?f. kennedy, a terminator of gdp(是例子,不能在?title呈现)
[d] brexit, the uk’s gateway to well-being(没谈到时gdpp 这个中心)
文章的最佳标题是啥?
domestic [d??mest?k]adj.国内的;
a.英国的经历:gdp高而夸姣感缺乏
b.gdp数据晓得全球经济安康的窗口
c.罗伯特·f·肯尼迪:gdp结束者
d.脱欧:英国通往夸姣的路
gdp呈现3次,它可所以中心论题。c的中心是.罗伯特·f·肯尼迪而不是gdp ,d.的中心是脱欧:英国通往夸姣的路没谈到gdp;a.说gdp不必定好;b.gdp就是好;一正一反,难下结论。究竟gdp是好仍是坏,咱们看看第一段:罗伯特·肯尼迪早年说过,“除了使日子有价值的东西,国家的国内出产总值能衡量悉数。”“明褒实贬”情绪。
文章首段援引肯尼迪的言辞及英国脱欧作业引出对gdp的思考;二段指出gdp存在缺陷;三段说到了近期年度研讨的内容、目标及结论等;四、五段说到了不一样国家的情况;六段照顾文章首段,进而点明肯尼迪的言下之意——gdp作为衡量国家成功与否的仅有标准存在捆绑性,它没有将一些有助于前进自个夸姣感的要素思考在内。可见,经过gdp数据缺乏以让我们晓得全球经济是不是安康,故打扫b选项。且由此可推知,肯尼迪是gdp的批判者,而非结束者,故c选项也予以打扫。七段论说了抉择计划者不该一味忧虑gdp,而应采纳行为尽力前进国民夸姣感。综上,文章以英国脱欧作业为例,论说了gdp作为衡量国家成功与否的仅有标准存在缺陷,它的凹凸并不能反映国民的夸姣感。a选项精练地归纳了全文内容,故正确。此外,文中一,二段虽说到英国脱欧,但其只是引出全文谈论论题的个事例,并非全文主旨,故打扫d选项。
回想这篇文章:
31. robert f. kennedy is cited because he
had a low opinion of gdp.对gdp的评价不高
32. it can be inferred from paragraph 2
that
gdp as the measure of success is widely defied in the uk作为衡量成功标准的gdp在英国得不到到了广泛的信赖
33. which of the following is true about the recent annual study?
its results are enlightening.它的成果具有启示性。
34. in the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that
it is essential to consider factors beyond gdp,思考gdp之外的要素至关重要
35.which of the following is the best title for the text?
high gdp but inadequate well-being, a uk lesson英国的经历:gdp高而夸姣感缺乏
这篇文章说的是英国的gdp高而夸姣感缺乏,这是脱欧的缘由。
正确选项的是环绕中心的,细节遵守主旨,中心抉择悉数。当咱们做完一道时,看几个答案是不是形接连性,假定不是,中心有误。
a与b是正反选项。由四选 一成了二选一。难度降了一半。
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