2021 年考研英语(二)阅读理解 A 解析Text 2(郑州新东方)

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　　Text 2

With the global population predicted to hit close to 10 billion by 2050,and forecasts that agricultural production in some regions will need to nearlydouble to keep pace, food security is increasingly making headlines. In the UK,it has become a big talking point recently too, for a rather particular reason:Brexit.

Brexit is seen by some as an opportunity to reverse a recent trend towardsthe UK importing food. The country produces only about 60 per cent of the foodit eats, down from almost three-quarters in the late 1980s. A move back toself-sufficiency, the argument goes, would boost the farming industry, politicalsovereignty and even the nations health. Sounds great- but how feasible is thisvision?

According to a report on UK food production from the University of Leeds,UK, 85 percent of the country’s total land area is associated with meat anddairy production. That supplies 80 percent of what is consumed, so even coveringthe whole country in livestock farms wouldn’t allow us to cover all our meat anddairy needs.

There are many caveats to those figures, but they are still grave. Tobecome much more self-sufficient, the UK would need to drastically reduce itsconsumption of animal foods, and probably also farm more intensively meaningfewer green fields and more factory-style production.

But switching to a mainly plant-based diet wouldn’t help. There is a goodreason why the UK is dominated by animal husbandry: most of its terrain doesn’thave the right soil or climate to grow crops on commercial basis. Just 25 percent of the country’s land is suitable for crop-growing, most of which isalready occupied by arable fields. Even if we converted all the suitable land tofields of fruit and veg— which would involve taking out all the naturereserves and removing thousands of people from their homes—we would achieve onlya 30 percent boost in crop production.

Just 23 per cent of the fruit and vegetables consumed in the UK arecurrently home-grown, so even with the most extreme measures we could meet only30 per cent of our fresh produce needs. That is before we look for the space togrow the grains, sugars, seeds and oils that provide us with the vast bulk ofour current calorie intake.

26. Some people argue that food self-sufficiency in the UKwould_______.

A.a be hindered by its population growth

B.contribute to the nations well-being

C.become a priority of the government

D.post a challenge to its farming industry

27. The report by the University of Leeds showed that in the UK_______.

A. farmland has been inefficiently utilised

B. factory style production needs reforming

C. most land is used for meat and dairy production

D. more

green fields will be converted for farming

28. Crop-growing in the UK is restricted due to_______.

A. its farming technology

B. its dietary tradition

C. its natural conditions

D. its commercial interests

29. It can be learned from the last paragraph that Britishpeople_______.

A. rely largely on imports for fresh produce

B. enjoy a steady rise in fruit consumption

C. are seeking effective ways to cut calorie intake

D. are trying to grow new varieties of grains

30. The author’s attitude to food self-efficiency in the UK is_______.

A. defensive

B. doubtful

C. tolerant

D. optimistic

【正确答案】26. D 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B

　　【解析】

26. 本题关键词self-sufficiency和UK,定位到第二段第3句;第4句this vision指代前句的内容，故该题定位句是第3句和第4句，第4句中出现but，表转折，前面great极好的，则but后表达不好的事情;D项farming industry在第3句中，pose a challenge提出挑战，对应but后的内容how feasible is this

vision?这个愿景可行性如何?故D项正确;B项提到为国家的福利做贡献，与文章表达的情感色彩相反，文章是怀疑愿景的可行性，是否定态度，而B项contribute to为……做贡献，well-being 福利，均为积极的词汇，故B项排除;A项和C项文章未提到，可排除;

27.本题关键词report, the University of Leeds和UK，定位到第三段第1句，第2句开头that指代前句，故第2句也是该题定位句;该句中85 percent of the country’s totalland area对应C项中的most land, is associated with 对应is used for;故C项正确;该段第2句提到evencovering the whole country in livestock farms wouldn’t allow us to cover…needs,即使整个国家建在畜牧农场，也无法满足需求，因此，不是土地有没有被有效使用的问题，而是需求量太大,故A错，可以排除;B项和D项 factorystyle production工厂样式生产和green field 绿地 不在定位句，不是report报告当中的内容，故排除;

28.本题关键词crop-growing,定位到第五段第2句和第3句;第2句冒号前后解释说明同一件事情，冒号后提到 its terraindoesn’t have the right soil or climate to grow crops，its指代UK,即英国地域没有合适的土壤和气候使农作物生长，可知英国农作物受到限制的原因是自然条件,故C项正确;A、B和D项文章未提到，可以排除;

29. 本题关键the last paragraph，定位到最后一段，可以定位选项;该段第1句提到Just 23 percent of thefruit …consumed in the UK are currently home-grown,…即只有23%的水果是英国国内种植的;so …we could meet only 30 per cent of our fresh produceneeds.因此，我们只能满足30%的新鲜农产品的需求，we指代英国人，综上可知，英国人的新鲜农产品大部分依靠进口，故A项正确;该段第1句有提到fruitconsumption水果的消费，但是未提到 a steady rise 稳定的增长，故B项错误，可排除;该段第2句提到provide us withcalorie intake 提供摄入的卡路里，未提到cut 减少，故C项错误，可以排除;该段第2句提到we look for the space togrow the grains 人们寻找空间种植谷物，并未提到new varieties 新品种，故D项错误，可以排除;

30. 本题关键词author’s attitude;题干中food self-efficiency和UK是文章主旨词，可从文章判断作者在文章中的态度;文章第五段开头出现but 表转折，可知此处与文章前面的内容相反，作者的态度从该段开始转折;第五段第1句Butswitching to a mainly plant-based diet wouldn’t help.但是转向以植物为主的饮食不会有帮助，可知作者态度是否定;第2句提到Just 25 per cent of the country’s land issuitable forcrop-growing,仅仅25%的土地适合农作物生长;可知作者对于应该自给自足食物的态度是否定的，故B项正确;A、C和D项不符合文意，故排除;